Now there are two conductors in a PCB transmission line – the signal trace and the return path. Please Support RF Cafe by purchasing my ridiculously low−priced products, all of which I created. 891: 6. The cash-on-cash return, or cash ROI, is the annual rate of return on a rental property based on the cash earned in relation to the cash invested. 7. But each business is different and the amount of business loss you can claim on your tax return depends on your business type, the amount of risk you have in your business, and other. Suitable for higher power (~1800 watts) at HF. 36﹦$19,960. A Forward and Reflected Power to VSWR Calculator is a tool that helps to determine the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of a transmission line by using measurements of the forward and reflected power. G = Gain. If the power incident on a load is Pi P i and the power reflected by the load is Pr P r,. Step 3: In the "Amount invested" field enter your. [dB]This VSWR / Return Loss calculator allows you to compute corresponding VSWR, Return Loss, Reflection coefficient and Mismatch Loss values for the entered input value and input type. An example of this would be a. The number 20 then needs to be divided by your starting weight, the result of which is 0. Example 2. Single-ended S-parameter insertion loss characterizes the frequency dependence of signal loss in the device under test, which is single-ended and unbalanced. End Amount. the final value minus the starting value Total Return on Investment - The total percentage gain (the true ROI) on the investment over the entire timeframe Compound Annual Growth Rate - The value of the total return when. A fine-tuned understanding of these metrics can guide an engineer to enhance system performance, optimize power transmission, and develop breakthrough solutions. There is also a selection of suitable RF. e. Percentage of gain or loss. How to calculate ROA in Excel? You can calculate ROA in Excel by entering the formula “=Net Income / (Beginning Total Assets + Ending Total Assets) / 2” in a cell, where “Net Income” is the company’s net profit, and “Beginning Total Assets” and “Ending Total Assets” represent the total assets at the start and end of the period. Gain Var5. It consist of a Spectrum Analyzer (SA), a directional coupler, the DUT and cables to interconnect the components used. Hence, the return loss is always lower than the ideal system (i. Load serial resistance and reactance ohm. 10 by 100 and you get 10. Free online calculators. 0. From the table we can understand that when the return loss is <10dB, the antenna will be at VSWR >2, indicating the system will reflect >30% power and the performance of the antenna will be <70%. e. Smaller return loss is bad, and means less energy is going into our antenna. In order to calculate the reflectance or return loss, you need to know the magnitude of the test signal and the split ratio of the coupler, including the excess loss of the coupler. The VSWR/return loss calculator from Pasternack will find VSWR, return Loss, mismatch loss, and the reflection coefficient given any one of the listed input types. 10 × 100 = 10%. How to use Expectancy / Profit Factor Calculator: – Percent Loss will be calculated automatically by subtracting percent Win from 100. VSWR. Note: impedance is a complex quantity, it has real and imaginary parts or magnitude and phase; instruments are almost always calibrated for Zo being some nominal real value, is Xo=0 (eg when people speak of a 50Ω instrument, that means 50+j0Ω even if they don't. Step-9. , 13% becomes 0. Cascaded Return Loss Calculator January 14, 2023 by Matt Brown This tool provides an estimate of the Return Loss [1] of a cascade of two RF subsystems. Return loss is a measure of how well devices or lines are matched. This model was derived from real-world data on UHF and VHF television transmissions in several large cities. A risk premium is the higher rate of return investors demand. A table of convenient values are presented at the bottom. To calculate your profit or loss, subtract the current price from the original price, also referred to as the "cost basis. Just follow the 5 easy steps below: Enter the number of shares purchasedVSWR Calculator. Calculate! Where do these calculations come from? Well, start with the formula for VSWR: If we invert this formula, we can calculate the reflection coefficient (, or the return loss. N = current stage. Annualized loss expectancy (ALE) – ALE is the annual monetary loss that can be expected from a specific risk for a specific asset. If all dimensions. P is the amount you invest at regular intervals. [splice loss × # of splices] [connector loss × # of connectors] + [safety margin] For example: Assume a 40 km. With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for. Enter one of the three values and the calculator will output the other two. The Egli model is a terrain model for radio frequency propagation. Home / Blog Posts / VSWR, Return Loss, Insertion/Transmission loss vs. rl — Return loss of antenna or scan return loss of arrayvector in dB. The ratio of a sinusoidal signal reflected back from the load to the incident signal is called return loss. Return Loss. From January 1, 1970 to December 31st 2016, the average annual compounded rate of return for the S&P 500®, including reinvestment of dividends, was approximately 10. Reflection Coefficient. The reflection loss differs from insertion loss because the return loss signal energy isn’t being lost within the signal chain element, but actually reflected back into the signal. 36. Interactive Tools & Calculators. However, convention and some literature quote return loss as a negative value akin to an S (1,1) measurement on a Network. That's where our advanced Trade Return Calculator comes in handy. Useful converters and calculatorsOctober 3, 2023 by GEGCalculators. TR = (CV - OV) + E TR = (C V − OV) + E. VSWR - Return Loss - Γ Conversions These are the standard set of equations for converting between VSWR, return loss, and reflection coefficient (Γ). 99. VSWR Calculator. 1 Background This document describes the loss budgets for USB 3. Some issues related to return loss and impedance •Clause 136 (CRn) Comment no. In an RF system, when power is sent from the source to load, there are three main parameters to be considered: (1) incident power. *Strictly, a loss quantity when expressed in dB should be positive. 79. Our return on investment calculator can also be used to compare the efficiency of a few investments. Return loss = -20 * log(Γ) For example, if the VSWR value is 3 : 1, we will first have to find the reflection coefficient's value using it, Γ = 0. Skin. Enter values for R1 and R2 to calculate attenuator loss and impedance. Several sources say that return loss bridges have high insertion loss. Just enter the value of source return loss, input return loss, output return loss, load return loss, device gain, and isolation then the calculator will compute the minimum and maximum gain. 9, for system 2 is 0. Decide if you want to go long or go short. return loss Calculator. In an ideal RF system, all of the energy from the RF source is transferred to the load. 12:1, which is a. Avg. Southwest Antennas offers a number of online RF calculators and conversion tools to help engineers, system designers, and technical salespeople make decisions about their system needs and requirements. You can calculate your total profit by subtracting the premium you paid for the option from the sale price of the stock. 5dB loss per 100 feet at 146 MHz). VSWR/Return loss converter Wavelength calculator Wilkinson splitter designer. You have lost 10% of your starting weight. RF & Electronics Symbols for Visio. 00: 0. Mismatch Loss = -10 log (1 - ρ 2) For example, an antenna with a VSWR of 2:1 would have a reflection coefficient of 0. The large number of samples provides averaging, which is necessary in applications where the signal has a fast changing envelope. 5 dB. It is an exchange traded share class of the Vanguard 500 index fund. If so, any capital gains may generally be taxed at the higher ordinary tax rate (10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35%, and 37%). VSWR/Return Loss Converter. Let's use a simple example to demonstrate. 34 lbs. This investment and stock calculator can be used to estimate how much an investment may grow based on your individual inputs. Use the S11 value in the calculator above to find the equivalent VSWR. the Gross Return in percentages. Use live prices from more than 200 cryptocurrencies to quickly estimate your rate of return. 5), which will give us 6. VSWR (voltage. When dealing with higher volumes of items, total profit is the difference between revenue and total cost. If your net capital loss is more than. Where, RL = Return loss in dB. Consider from January 1950 until April 2012 the return was 8,182. Return to risk; 0. The online calculators are usable in pop-up mode for easy. Our tax calculator stays up to date with the latest tax laws, so you can be confident the calculations are current. VSWR & Return Loss Calculator: Enter forward and reflected power or match to determine equivalent values. i. VSWR Calculator. A reasonable target is <2% loss (of yield). The graph below shows input return loss for an amplifier. Decide if you want to go long or go short. If you anticipate two such annual events, a single £12M fine becomes £24M. The OTDR measures distance and loss between the two markers. The formula for insertion loss in decibels (dB) is: Insertion Loss (dB) = 10 * log10 (Pin / Pout) Where: Pin is the input power or signal level. In summary, return loss is the loss of signal power due to signal reflection or return by a discontinuity in a fiber-optic link or transmission line. This bounce back reflection is called “return”. Follow the discussion. Check. 04 dB. Divide that amount by the absolute value of the starting value. To use the Return Loss Calculator: Enter the incident power (Pi) and reflected power (Pr) values in Watts. How do you calculate attenuator loss? Enter values for R1 and R2 to calculate attenuator loss and impedance. Assuming the simplest case where system 1 is a cable with nominally zero loss (cannot be exactly zero with a non-zero reflection), then the reflection loss of the whole system will be somewhere between -8dB (when the reflections add in phase) and -14dB (when they add out of phase). The measure of this reflected power is called as return loss. In case of extra loss the insertion loss is defined to be positive. This can be used to quickly estimate the cash flow and profit of an investment. Like insertion loss, return loss is also generally described in decibels of power. 39 0. As the highlighted entries in Table 1 show, a 20-dB RL indicates that the reflected signal’s power represents just 1% of the. Just enter the value and click calculate. U. 10 × 100 = 10%. Thus, for this system, VSWR = 1:1 (i. Updates. The reflection coefficient is another measure which is closely relate…Return Loss and Mismatch Loss Calculator Calculates the absolute load impedance, reflection coefficient, VSWR, return loss and mismatch loss of a load. It is a more direct measure of reflections. R L = − 20 log 10 | ( Z − Z 0) ( Z + Z 0) |. 3% (source:. Facebook. Total Investment Fee = (Investment Amount) × (Investment Fee %) ÷ 100. Even a very large investment loss can be recouped if you are able to. 1 Return Loss. Therefore, the higher the return loss is, the. Mismatch Loss: Reflected Power Through Power (dB) Coefficient, Γ (dB) (%) (%) 1 17. 01) ∗ ( 0. To calculate return. 99 $ = 1-Gamma^2$. Learn the difference between return loss, mismatch. The free space path loss calculator takes into account the gain on both the receiving and transmitting antennas. 36 x 50﹦$20,368. In summary, return loss is the loss of signal power due to signal reflection or return by a discontinuity in a fiber-optic link or transmission line. It is equal to the Before Tax Cash Flow (BTCF) divided by the sum of all out-of-pocket acquisition costs (down payment, closing costs, etc. The return on a risk-free asset is used as a baseline to calculate risk premiums, for instance. 405 inch. With a loss of 10%, you need a gain of about 11% to recover. everything RF has the largest selection of online calculators for the RF and Microwave. The tabs represent the desired parameter to be found. Maximum loss (ML) = premium paid (3. For example, you must be 50 by the end of 2023 to contribute $7,500 to. Enter all known values of X and P (X) into the form below and click the "Calculate" button to calculate the expected value of X. With our crypto investment calculator you can calculate your future crypto profit based on starting investment, additional contributions (daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly), rate of return, and years to grow. 5 and 1. The return loss from a signal chain element is the amount of signal energy reflected from the incident node of that element compared to the total incident energy. 54-88 MHz -- Low VHF; 88-108 MHz -- FM;In fact, striplines often make components such as band-pass filter's more accurately, with more symmetric roll-off and no lower cutoff frequency. So if you made an investment of $1,000 and had a return of $1,500 (profit of $500), then your basic ROI would look like this. Claim Eligibility. Enter a value for VSWR (remember: VSWR should be a number larger than 1. 08+23))^2. Return loss and VSWR are two important measures of efficient power transmission and both of them can be interconverted to obtain the value. Personal Economic Recovery Calculator. Polar or rectangular grids only allow direct reading of S11. Rental income is taxed as ordinary income. is of particular concern in the implementation of Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-T) The value of impedances at the ends of the link must be equal to the characteristic impedance of the link. RG-8 and RG-213 (50 ohm); and RG-11 (75 ohm) are about 0. Return loss is the negative of the magnitude of the reflection coefficient in dB. Winning Percentage = (2 × 16 + 4) / (2 × 25) × 100 = . (Each market price format is unique, so please refer to the “Price Format Example” provided in the information. If you used a 55-ohm termination, VSWR would be 1. Mutual fund calculator helps you to calculate mutual fund returns on your investment. Tax-loss harvesting involves selling assets at a loss, with the intention of repurchasing similar assets at a later date. , some amount of incident power will reflect the source in a practical system). Explanation. 7 dB for port 2 • Case 1 package model (𝑧 = 12 mm for Tx, Rx) • Linear equalization determined using COM-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 B Frequency, GHz Thru Rx re-refl. 8 is 80%, or -0. Mismatch uncertainty is the result of reflections adding and subtracting from each other when more than one interface is present. Subtract the two numbers: $20,368 - $407. Our Forex profit loss calculator can be used as a take profit or stop loss calculator whether you’re actually using sl/tp values or closing the trade manually. 78541 liters. —and calculates both the typical system return loss along with the worst case return loss. 4 GHz. RF & Synthesis Tools. Convert VSWR to Return Loss, Reflection Coefficient, and Mismatch Loss with our easy conversion calculator. Take the selling price and subtract the initial purchase price. 54 dB insertion loss". Return Loss (dB) VSWR. e the transmitting and receiving end, then the FSPL would just be a factor of the frequency and distance. Active return loss and mismatch calculator with results for absolute impedance, return loss, VSWR, reflection coefficient and mismatch loss. Crypto Profit Calculator Profit Return Calculator Uniswap V3 Liquidity Analytics Impermanent Loss Calculator Crypto Converter Bitcoin Rainbow Chart Ethereum Rainbow Chart Fear and Greed Index CoinStats Widgets 24h Cryptocurrency Market Report 20,000+ Coin Live Prices 35,000. Then you would divide this total by the cost of the investment and multiply that by 100. As the basis for the electrical compliance channels, loss budgets play a key role in ensuring the interoperability of 5Gb/sVentilation Losses. 64. Therefore, a VSWR of less than 1. -ERL may address both compensable and un-compensable ISI. We use historical returns and standard deviations of stocks, bonds and cash to simulate what your return may. This website offers various types of calculators which can be used to calculate stock returns, Mutual funds return, SIP returns and lumpsum investment returns. Convert the load VSWR to load return loss per the following equation: RL Improved = 2*Attenuator + RL Load [dB] (where RL=Return Loss) Of course, the method can be reversed to predict the attenuator required to improve a load VSWR by a predetermined amount. 4. The calculator calculates the adjustment amount required for both the initial investment and the final value. It is specified in dB. power. 17. Real loss is transmission loss, corrected for return loss, and is probably the most important quantity to focus on (unless your return loss is poor, say, worse than -16 dB). These multiple solutions are possible because each contributor is a vector having both. Instead of calculating the conductor and dielectric attenuation using the given formulas on the coax page, you can get the results using: a = K1 x sqrt (F) + K2 x F (dB/100 feet) Where K1 is the resistive loss constant. 2. If you need to tap into retirement savings prior to 59½ and want to avoid an early distribution penalty, this calculator can be used to determine the allowable distribution amounts under code 72 (t). For example, to calculate the return rate needed to reach an investment goal with particular inputs, click the 'Return Rate' tab. single mode link at 1310nm with 2 connector pairs and 5 splices. 01:1 to 3. An investment is when an individual invests a substantial amount at one go in a particular scheme. 64. This can occur when optical fibers are spliced together, mated, or when they are sent through other passive components. This crypto return calculator is designed to show you your percentage gain or loss and also back to break-even. Enter a value for VSWR (remember: VSWR should be a number larger than 1. A calculator designed to compute the VSWR,return loss and matching loss in a transmission line. Total return is the total amount of profit (or loss) an investment. Factors that determine the PCB impedance Z0 value for a better RL performance are: Picking the PCB impedance Z0 that gives the minimum impedance fluctuation (discontinuity) with all other elements of the channel is the key. Let me explain: An antenna’s Return Loss is a figure that indicates the proportion of radio waves arriving at. This impedance mismatch can be with a device inserted in the line or with the terminating load. Line Type: Belden 8215 (RG-6A) Belden 8237 (RG-8) Belden 9913 (RG-8) Belden 9258 (RG-8X) Belden 8213 (RG-11) Belden 8261 (RG-11A) Belden 8240 (RG-58) Belden. Most notably, a circulator generally has a much narrower bandwidth, which is undesirable in test equipment. This is an online calculator that calculates Return Loss based on VSWR. the Net Cash Flow (Profit -. Your spouse's social security benefits. The IPC-2141 trace Impedance calculator will help make initial design easier by allowing the user to input basic parameters and get a calculated impedance according to the IPC-2141 standard. These losses will be worse at impedance transitions as well as signal launch areas. 2. Return Loss. 20 / 200 = 0. Return loss is the measure of how small the “return” or reflection/echo is. This online reflection coefficient to return loss calculator calculates the return loss (dB) by entering the reflection efficient Γ (= value between 0 & 1). Formula The reflection coefficient for each element is Γ = 10- (RL/20) The cascaded Return Loss is RL = −20*Log10 (√ (Γ12 + Γ22) Reflection coefficient can be. 57. You have to put in the desired net income and build up the calculator in reverse. The measure of this reflected power is called as return loss. Z0 = reference impedance. Set the Enter Final Crypto Price to 7000. 2 dB • Effective return loss is approximately 13. 12] = 6 dB. Click the “Calculate Return Loss” button. you receive a tax refund after filing your federal tax return if. 2. Return loss is related to both standing wave ratio (SWR) and reflection coef-ficient (Γ). The networking modernization process is becoming increasingly complex. Note: after you’ve visited this tool once, most devices will save it for usage offline. Let’s take a closer look. Step 3: Finally, the profit for the given amount will be displayed in the output field. Return loss tells you how much of the input signal is reflected. 37 or a 37% gain. This Tax Return Calculator will calculate and estimate your 2023 Tax Return. The basic formula for ROI is: ROI =. Total return is the total amount of profit (or loss) an investment. There is also a selection of suitable RF. 1, for system 2 is 0. RF engineers often measure return loss on a “dB. Note: The historical definition of return loss results in a negative sign. n is the number of payments you have made. Forex Profit and Loss Calculator: The One-Stop Solution. An online tool for calculating the return loss error for directional couplers and bridges, with both forward and reflected power monitoring. Lower insertion loss values are preferable, indicating less signal power loss and better component/system efficiency for RF applications. 55%. VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) and Return Loss both measure the same parameter i. 0. You can choose different input formats from the drop down menu. Loss of earning capacity in California is determined on a case-by-case basis, considering factors like severity, occupation, age, and potential future earnings. As technology advances-pumping more data through less spectrum-radio frequency (RF) performance. At 1000 MHz, the S11 (dB) = -RL (dB) = -15 dB. Use any of these 15 easy to use tax preparation calculator tools. Click Calculate. This VSWR calculator will calculate return loss, mismatch loss, loss in percentage and the reflection coefficient. Generally, both retur n loss and structura l return loss of a simple channel are calculated usin g equations that rely on characteri stic impedance and the impedance of the termination only [ 1]. 5-ton unit. Let's see how this affects an isolation measurement. This general RF calculator. For VSWR=2, reflection coefficient will be=1/3 and 20log (1/3) =-9. This can be built into a FLEXI-BOX and a transmission line (50 Ohm track) PCB is available which easily adapts for this circuit with one simple trimming. To use the calculator below, input a values into the fields and hit the enter key. 0 dB. In other words, the “return loss” is 10 dB in this example. Set the Enter Initial Crypto Price to 10000. Enter some simple questions about your situation, and TaxCaster will estimate your tax refund amount, or how much you may owe to the IRS. 36﹦$19,960. Mutual fund calculator helps you to calculate mutual fund returns on your investment. If you want to estimate how big your refund will be this year, you’ll be well served by our free tax return calculator. number) VSWR or % Reflected Power. This tool provides an estimate of the Return Loss of a cascade of two RF subsystems. Each tool is written in Javascript. Return Loss is the amount of power that is lost in the signal returned/reflected by a discontinuity in a transmission line. Insertion Loss Calculator. This can be used for measuring loss of a length of fiber, where the OTDR will calculate the attenuation coefficient of the fiber, or the loss of a connector or splice. It simply tells you how long it will take to earn back the money you’ll spend on the project. Please enter your values below. VSWR Mismatch Errors: Both amplitude and phase errors are introduced when mismatched impedances are present at an electrical interface. com The VSWR/return loss calculator from Pasternack will find VSWR, return Loss, mismatch loss, and the reflection coefficient given any one of the listed input types. VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) is the measure of how efficiently RF power is transmitted and is expressed as a ratio of the maximum to minimum. This general RF calculator includes calculations of path loss, VSWR and wavelength as well as conversions between many common terms used in the wireless industry. The name of this parameter, however, might be a bit confusing at first. 4 ms—500 forward and 500 reverse samples are collected on each cycle. This loss value becomes 0 for 100% reflection and becomes infinite for ideal connection. See the relationship between VSWR and return loss. What is the VSWR ratio to return loss? There is an inverse relationship between Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) and Return Loss. You must optimize the PCB trace impedance to achieve a better return loss or less signal reflection. **Note: Like our stripline impedance calculator, all of our RF calculators allow SI prefix input. Descriptions of IL and RL with examples of how the measurements relate to the ratio of Pout to Pin, and Preflected to PinEstimate your 2023 - 2024 tax refund for free with TaxSlayer's refund calculator. The return loss is the ratio of the power of the. VSWR and Return Loss RF Calculator VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) is a measurement of how well matched a radio transmitter and transmission line is to a load such as an antenna. If the power incident on a load is Pi P i and the power reflected by the load is Pr P r, then the return loss in decibels is [1, 2] RLdB = 10 log Pi Pr (7. Gold Investment Calculator will help you, to find your Gold Investment New Worth, Profit or Loss & Profit or Loss %. Calculate your estimated harvest losses using a representative sample. It is specified in decibels (dB) relative to a short circuit (100 percent rejection). Additional Contribution. The formula to calculate Return Loss (RL) is: RL = -20 * log10(Pr / Pi) Where: RL = Return Loss (dB) Pr = Reflected Power (W) See full list on allaboutcircuits. To calculate Return Loss, you need Reflection Coefficient (r). Calculate hypothetical profit & loss (PnL), return on investment (ROI), and liquidation price before placing any orders on crypto futures trades. The tabs represent the desired parameter to be found. It is an exchange traded share class of the Vanguard 500 index fund. The rate of return calculator allows you to find the annual rate of return of a given investment (see investment calculator), which is the net gain or loss through a given period expressed as a percentage of the initial investment cost. Remember : before you start using rules of thumb, be sure to read the Rule of Thumb #0: Use rules of thumb. You can use this handy stock calculator to determine the profit or loss from buying and selling stocks. reflection coefficient definition. 852. Reflected power ratio for system 1 is 0. This calculator is an easy way to see what returns you could get if you had made this or that investment decision back in the day. 1) (7. 5 × 100% = 50%. Power handling may be limited by the connector choice. The crypto profit calculator will make it quick & easy for you!. So, given that -- I calculate my overall S-parameters (port 1 = input port; port 2 = power meter port): S11=17. where, Z = input impedance of antenna or scan impedance of array. As an added bonus, the results are modifiable and can calculate the other values. Calculates the resistor values, attenuation, 'impedance', reflection coefficient, VSWR and return loss of a Pi attenuator. For example, to calculate the return rate needed to reach an investment goal with particular inputs, click the 'Return Rate' tab. Reflected power ratio for system 1 is 0. Take the gain or loss from the investment and divide it by the. 2. 1) RL dB = 10 log P i P r. Step 1: Choose the fiat currency that you used to trade, exchange or buy Bitcoin. This not only includes your investment capital and rate of return, but inflation, taxes and your time horizon. VSWR - Return Loss - Γ Conversions These are the standard set of equations for converting between VSWR, return loss, and reflection coefficient (Γ). Return Loss. G = Gain. This requires minimum information from you, which can be. Factors that determine the PCB impedance Z0 value for a better RL performance are: Picking the PCB impedance Z0 that gives the minimum impedance fluctuation (discontinuity) with all other elements of the channel is the key. Result. This rule of thumb enables us to estimate the maximum amount of return loss allowed for a component like a connector or package. RF Trap With Attenuators Computes attenuation, return loss, reflection coefficient and VSWR . When you solve Maxwell's Equations for electromagnetic wave propagation, the electric field solutions look like this: E (z,t) = E * cos (γz - ωt). Coax Cable Loss / Antenna Gain Calculator . VSWR/Return Loss Converter. k. VSWR / Return Loss Calculator. The devices using single-ended signals have one pin in both the input ports and output ports. Alternatively, generate R1 and R2 for a wanted attenuation. This reduction of signal, also called attenuation, is directly related to the length of a cable—the longer the cable, the greater the insertion loss. In order to calculate the reflectance or return loss, you need to know the magnitude of the test signal and the split ratio of the coupler, including the excess loss of the coupler. S. 9913 and LMR-400 are popular “low-loss” RG-8 types. This calculator allows calculation of VSWR from Zload (or Yload or S11) and Zo. W-4 PRO. She’ll calculate her share profit using the following steps: Multiply the current stock price by 50 (the number of shares sold): $407. $70,000 - $50,000. 43 20. The coupler will reduce the outgoing and reflectance power levels by 3 dB plus some loss due to its inefficiency, typically ~ 3.